MODULE 07 · 9 MIN
Copper, Still Shape, Reflux and Spirit Cuts
Copper helps remove some sulphur compounds and supports reactions that refine spirit character. Tall necks, boil bulbs and rising lyne arms can encourage reflux, returning heavier vapour to the pot. Shorter paths and different heating rates may allow a heavier spirit through.
During spirit distillation, the operator separates early foreshots, the desired middle cut or heart, and later feints. Cut timing is a powerful style decision. Earlier or wider cuts can capture different compounds than narrow or later selections; there is no universally superior cut.
Key ideas
Copper contact helps manage sulphur character.
Still geometry changes reflux and spirit weight.
The heart cut is selected, not automatically fixed by the equipment.
Glossary
- Reflux
- Condensed vapour returning within the still for further separation.
- Heart cut
- The selected middle portion retained for maturation.
Three-question self-check
Pause before moving on.
1. Can you explain: Copper contact helps manage sulphur character.
Copper contact helps manage sulphur character.
2. Can you connect: Still geometry changes reflux and spirit weight.
Still geometry changes reflux and spirit weight.
3. Can you define “Reflux” in your own words?
The heart cut is selected, not automatically fixed by the equipment.
Sources & further reading
- SWA — How Scotch Whisky is madeScotch Whisky Association
Last reviewed: 2026-08-09